Exploring Basal Cell Carcinoma and Its Impact
What is Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is a type of skin cancer that originates in the basal cells. These cells are found in the lowest layer of the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin) and are responsible for producing new skin cells as old ones die off. BCC is usually caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds.
Signs and Symptoms
BCC often looks like:
A pearly or waxy bump
A flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion
A bleeding or scabbing sore that does not heal or keeps recurring
A reddish patch of skin
A pink growth with a slightly elevated, rolled border and a central indentation
These symptoms can appear anywhere on the body but are most common on areas frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders, and back.
Causes and Risk Factors
The primary cause of BCC is DNA damage from UV radiation, which leads to uncontrolled growth of basal cells. Factors that increase the risk of developing BCC include:
Prolonged sun exposure: Cumulative UV exposure is a significant risk factor.
Fair skin: People with lighter skin have less melanin, which provides some protection against UV radiation.
Age: BCC is more common in older adults, although it can occur at any age.
History of skin cancer: Having had BCC or other skin cancers increases the risk.
Genetic predisposition: Certain genetic conditions, like Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, can increase susceptibility.
Prevention
Preventing BCC involves protecting your skin from UV radiation. Here are some tips:
Use sunscreen: Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day, even on cloudy days. Reapply every two hours and after swimming or sweating.
Seek shade: Avoid the sun during peak hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.) when UV rays are strongest.
Wear protective clothing: Long sleeves, pants, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses can shield your skin from the sun.
Avoid tanning beds: These can significantly increase your risk of skin cancer.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you notice any suspicious changes in your skin, it’s important to see a dermatologist. At Sweetwater Dermatology, our board-certified dermatologist, Dr. Likhari, can diagnose BCC through a physical exam and a biopsy if necessary.
Treatment options vary depending on the size, depth, and location of the cancer, but common methods include:
Surgical excision: Removing the cancerous tissue along with a margin of healthy skin.
Mohs surgery: A precise technique that removes the cancer layer by layer, examining each layer under a microscope until no abnormal cells remain.
Topical treatments: Creams or ointments with cancer-fighting medications.
Radiation therapy: Using targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells.
Living with and Beyond BCC
The prognosis for BCC is generally very good, especially when detected early. However, having BCC once increases the likelihood of developing it again. Regular skin checks and prompt attention to any new or changing lesions are crucial.
At Sweetwater Dermatology, we are committed to helping you maintain healthy skin and providing comprehensive care for skin conditions like BCC. If you have any concerns about your skin or need to schedule a skin check, don’t hesitate to contact us.
Stay sun-safe and skin-aware!
About Sweetwater Dermatology
Sweetwater Dermatology is dedicated to providing top-notch dermatological care to our community. Our experienced team specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions, offering personalized care tailored to each patient’s needs. For more information or to book an appointment, visit our website or call us today.